Synthesis of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF)

The Margin of Exposure of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Alcoholic Beverages

OBJECTIVES 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) regularly occurs in foods and in alcoholic beverages. However, the risk of HMF associated with alcohol consumption has not been systematically studied, so that this study will provide the first quantitative risk assessment of HMF for consumers of alcoholic beverages. METHODS Human dietary intake of HMF via alcoholic beverages in the European Union was ...

Efficient Conversion of Carbohydrates to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Using ZrCl4 Catalyst in Nitromethane

Lycopene and Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Evaluation in Tomato Products

Color of tomato products is due to the pigments content of fruit together with browning compounds originated during processing. To get a final product with a good is color is necessary to use fruits with an appropriated coloration and to avoid the degradation of pigments during post-harvest and processing. Final color should be bright and characteristic of each fruit. Lycopene, a liposoluble th...

Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol.

The conversion of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on a 1 mmol scale was achieved in good yield (68%) using NH(4)Cl as catalyst in isopropanol at 120°C. About 3% of 5-i-propoxymethylfurfural was formed. The reaction in ethanol at 100°C on a 10g scale gave a total yield of HMF and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural of 42%. No mineral acid such as H(2)SO(4) and HCl are required.

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) Production from Hexoses: Limits of Heterogeneous Catalysis in Hydrothermal Conditions and Potential of Concentrated Aqueous Organic Acids as Reactive Solvent System

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is an important bio-sourced intermediate, 17 formed from carbohydrates such as glucose or fructose. The treatment at 150–250 °C of 18 glucose or fructose in pure water and batch conditions, with catalytic amounts of most of 19 the usual acid-basic solid catalysts, gave limited yields in 5-HMF, due mainly to the fast 20 formation of soluble oligomers. Niobic acid,...